by Kevin Burton
A North Carolina State University research study offers tips for blind people on how to make social interactions less awkward.
I found the story by NC State’s Matt Shipman on www.medicalxpress.com.
“A recent study highlights the range of uncomfortable situations people living with blindness or visual impairment encounter due to interpersonal communication challenges, and outlines strategies people with visual impairment use to navigate these situations,” Shipman wrote.
“’This work validates the lived experiences of people with visual impairment,’ says Lynsey Romo, corresponding author of the study and an associate professor of communication at NC State. ‘It also provides tangible ways blind and visually impaired individuals, as well as sighted people, can use communication to create more positive social interactions.’”
“I’ve encountered countless instances of uncomfortable interactions with others, but the turning point for me was when I brought my guide dog to the vet and she talked to my driver as if I weren’t in the room,” says study co-author Melissa Taussig, a mental health professional with a lifelong visual impairment.”
(Presumably it was the vet, not the dog talking past Taussig. You can’t tell from the way her quote is worded.)
“That visit was the catalyst for me to collaborate with Lynsey to explore how other people living with blindness or visual impairment navigate these circumstances,” Taussig said.
“Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 24 adults in the United States who are living with blindness or visual impairment. The interviews focused on social interactions, feelings of stigma and uncertainty, and techniques interviewees developed for managing these social interactions,” Shipman wrote.
“We found uncomfortable social interactions are inherently part of living with blindness,” Taussig said. “Blind and visually impaired individuals can miss visual cues that sighted people take for granted. And people often don’t know how or whether to speak directly to us.”
“These interactions can be awkward because people with visual impairment often have to ask for help with day-to-day tasks, like getting a ride to the store or finding the elevator in an unfamiliar building,” Romo said. “Such requests may be awkward for sighted people who have differing degrees of awareness or experience with the blind community. Some may want to help but don’t know how. Others have good intentions but end up overstepping.”
“Study participants also commonly reported feelings of shame and isolation related to their blindness, which was often reinforced by the uncomfortable nature of many of their social interactions,” Shipman wrote.
“We want people living with blindness to know that they are not alone in feeling this way,” Taussig said. “There’s nothing wrong with them, and many of us living with visual impairment share these experiences.”
The study lists strategies for reducing the likelihood of having awkward interactions and recovering from them, including:
Disclose blindness: “Some participants found it helpful to disclose their blindness clearly and succinctly at the beginning of an encounter to reduce uncertainty and accomplish specific goals,” Romo says. “For example, one study participant talked about opening a conversation by saying ‘I’m blind and could use some help finding this address.'”
“Disclosing blindness can be emotionally exhausting because we’re often tasked with explaining ourselves to others, but it does help us get access to resources that we wouldn’t otherwise have,” Taussig said.
Use nonverbal cues: Researchers found guide dogs and canes can serve as a nonverbal indication that someone is blind, and guide dogs in particular often serve as a social bridge to others.
Be polite: Participants said interactions went more smoothly when they used certain phrases. For example, adding a “please” before a request, saying thank you, or asking “would you mind giving me a ride when you get a chance” made helpers feel more appreciated while accomplishing visually impaired individuals’ goals.
Humor: Humor involved self-deprecation and jokes, for instance, calling oneself a “blind girl” or joking, “Is it buy five operations, get one free?” to a surgeon prior to one participant’s sixth eye operation.
Education: Some participants talked about educating sighted people with explanations on what their cane was for or tips on how to talk to blind or visually impaired people.
Advocacy: Some participants talked about advocating for their rights and the rights of other people living with blindness or visual impairment. For example, informing restaurants and ride share services about illegal practices (such as refusing service to someone with a guide dog) in order to combat structural barriers.
The researchers also drew on the study to outline constructive ways allies can support people with visual impairment.
Offer help directly and specifically: “For example, allies will often say, ‘Let me know if you need something from the store,’” Taussig said. “That’s a really kind thing to say, but it can create anxiety for people with blindness to ask for help. It’s much more helpful to say something like ‘I’m going to the store, what can I pick up for you?’ or ‘I’m going to the store, would you like to come?’ This approach feels more like an invitation and can alleviate the fear of being a burden.”
Introduce yourself: “Another easy thing that allies can do is introduce themselves when meeting with a person who is blind—say your name when you walk up,” Romo says. “People often forget that those with visual impairment can’t recognize their face, and people with visual impairment may not recognize an individual based on their voice alone. They also may not see your wave, so sighted people shouldn’t be offended.”
Hands off: “It important to not touch someone who is blind—or pet their guide dog—without their permission,” Taussig said. “It’s much better to explicitly ask whether a person who is blind needs help crossing the street or if they’d like help in some other way.”
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